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What Is Juneteenth, the Newest Federal Holiday?

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is today, and 2022 marks the second year it’s been an official federal holiday. President Joe Biden signed the last year, making it the first new federal holiday since Martin Luther King Jr. Day was added in . 

A portmanteau of the date it’s celebrated, Juneteenth commemorates the freedom of enslaved Black people in the US. It’s also known as Freedom Day or Jubilee Day.

“The emancipation of enslaved Black Americans didn’t mark the end of America’s work to deliver on the promise of equality; it only marked the beginning,” just before signing the Juneteenth holiday into law. “To honor the true meaning of Juneteenth, we have to continue toward that promise because we’ve not gotten there yet.”

The observation of Juneteenth stretches back to 1865, but the holiday gained significant national attention in 2020, after the deaths of , , ,  and others sparked  against police brutality and systematic violence aimed at Black Americans.

Here’s what to know about Juneteenth, including the history of the day, how and when it’s observed, how you can celebrate and which states have made it a public holiday.


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What does making Juneteenth a federal holiday mean?

Biden signed the  in 2021, making it a federal holiday. That means it’s  like holidays including Labor Day, Memorial Day and New Year’s Day. Juneteenth is the 11th federal holiday in the US. 

As with other federal holidays, banks, schools and government companies (like post offices) are expected to be closed. Since Juneteenth falls on a Sunday this year, many workers in states that recognize the holiday will have Monday, June 20, off of work, though some will instead observe it on Friday, June 17.

How did Juneteenth come to symbolize the end of Black enslavement?

Juneteenth commemorates June 19, 1865, when Maj. Gen. Gordon Granger , and abolishing the institution of slavery in the state:

“The people of Texas are informed that, in accordance with a proclamation from the Executive of the United States, all slaves are free. This involves an absolute equality of personal rights and rights of property between former masters and slaves, and the connection heretofore existing between them becomes that between employer and hired labor.”

The moment was significant. Texas had been the last of the Confederate states in which enslavement continued, despite President Abraham Lincoln’s to end slavery in 1863 and despite the end of the Civil War on April 9, 1865. Texas was the most remote state in the Confederacy, and it took Union forces until June to reach Texas in sufficient numbers to announce and enforce the federal order that ended slavery there. (The , which added the abolishment of slavery to the Constitution, passed Congress in January 1865, but wasn’t ratified and adopted until December 1865.)

Since June 19, 1865, Americans have observed and celebrated Juneteenth as Emancipation Day, a day of freedom. In 1980, Texas began marking Juneteenth as an , the first state to do so. Now, nearly all states commemorate or observe Juneteenth to some degree.

How is Juneteenth observed?

Some that you may still see today are rodeos, fishing, barbecuing and baseball, according to the Juneteenth website. A prayer service, speaker series, reading of the Emancipation Proclamation and dances are among , according to the Texas State Library and Archives Commission.

How can I celebrate Juneteenth in 2022?

Order food from a Black-owned restaurant: Support Black restaurant owners in your community by ordering food on Juneteenth and beyond — here are . Yelp and Uber Eats can help you find these restaurants on their apps. You can also visit to find Black-owned restaurants in most major US cities.

Black lives matter. Support the cause in these eight ways: From making donations to getting more involved in your local community, here are real ideas you can participate in to and mlb shirts antiracism, even from your living room.

Educate yourself and reflect: While slavery ended in 1865, racism persists in countless institutions. Use June 19 as a day to reflect on critical issues that perpetuate discrimination against Black people in America and around the world. Spend the day reading about Juneteenth’s history, including how Black families felt after being emancipated. Watch the , or engage with other  that can help reveal real-world, present-day issues. 

Watch online Juneteenth events: Tune in virtually to the or and find a listing of local events where you live.

Place a sign in your front yard: Raise awareness and show your support for Juneteenth by decorating a sign for your front yard or door. This is a great way to help educate younger kids in your neighborhood who may not know about the holiday.

Celebrate with a barbecue or family meal: Gather your family together to celebrate freedom. Since the pandemic is still a serious concern, make sure you’re following your state’s guidelines for indoor group gatherings (here are the ). If you’re celebrating indoors, we recommend opening windows for ventilation.

Juneteenth only comes once a year, but there are more ways you can help your community all year long — for instance, .

In which states is Juneteenth a paid holiday?

While many states celebrate Juneteenth as a holiday, these are the states that observe it as a paid holiday. Note that many cities in the states not listed also recognize it as a paid holiday.

  • Illinois
  • Louisiana
  • Maine
  • Massachusetts
  • Michigan
  • New Jersey
  • New York
  • Oregon
  • Pennsylvania
  • Texas
  • Virginia
  • Washington

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Which NFL team is the solar energy champ?

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The biggest game in football shirt is this weekend and people from around the world will tune in to check out , , and (hopefully) a great game. One thing that won’t be on display this Sunday is any sizeable solar installation. While it might be silly to expect such a thing, stadiums used by National Football League teams are actually pretty natural fits for generating solar power.

Besides their sizable roofs, they often come with large parking lots, covered walkways, sky bridges, attached convention centers and plenty of other spaces for solar panels. In fact, plenty of NFL stadiums already host large solar arrays.

Fourteen of the NFL’s 30 stadiums have solar installations. While it’s a bit harder to design head-to-head matchups for solar installations than it is for this year’s 14 playoff teams, we can still crown a champion of the very first Solar Bowl. 

Stadiums are a good fit for solar

One requirement for solar power is open space with a relatively unobstructed view of the sun. Think of the solar panels increasingly going up on the roofs of houses. Rooftops are a great fit for solar because they’re open and above a lot of shade-casting obstructions. It’s also why old as solar farms.

Stadiums are often taller than surrounding structures and accompanied by acres of parking lots. That’s a lot of prime, unshaded real estate.

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Solar panels ring MetLife Stadium in East Rutherford, New Jersey.


LI-Aerial/Stringer/Getty Images

From the other direction, hosting a major event like a NFL game takes a lot of energy. A lot. Back in 2013, AT&T Stadium, home of the Dallas Cowboys, demanded up to 10 megawatts of electricity to power lights, concessions, air conditioning and other stadium functions. It was , a country of over 4 million people at the time, couldn’t have provided enough energy to run the stadium that holds 80,000. (That number is peak demand. The stadium uses far less when it’s sitting empty. Regardless, it’s a lot of electricity.)

Which stadiums have the most solar?

While about half of NFL stadiums have turned to solar to offset their hefty energy use, four stand out above the rest.

The top four stadiums for solar

  • Fourth place in this year’s Solar Bowl goes to Gillette Stadium, home of the New England Patriots, which has a 525 kilowatt installation of 2,556 panels, soaking up that famous New England sun. The panels are largely installed on the adjacent Patriots Place shopping center, but since it’s next door and obviously tied to the stadium, we’ll count it here. The panels produce about 625,000 kilowatt hours of electricity per year, which will cover about 30% of the energy used by Patriots Place.
  • Lumen Field in Seattle is home to the Seahawks and [PDF] of the connected convention center’s roof. They provide 830,000 kilowatt hours of electricity annually, enough to power 95 Seattle homes for a year. Despite its reputation for cloudy weather, Seattle’s stadium takes third place in the Solar Bowl.
  • Solar Bowl runner up is Mercedes-Benz Stadium of the Atlanta Falcons. The 2017 stadium has over 4,000 panels with a generating capacity of 1.3 megawatts. Per year, it generates a whopping 1.6 million kilowatt hours of electricity per year, .
  • Solar Bowl champion, without a doubt, is Financial Field, home to the Philadelphia Eagles. Eleven thousand solar panels on the stadium and over parking lots have a capacity of 3 megawatts. It covers about 33% of the stadium’s energy use annually and more than enough energy to power the home games for a year, a team spokesperson said in an email. The vast majority of the panels cover a parking lot, where they provide solar power, but also shelter from rain and snow. Lincoln Financial Field stands head and shoulders above the rest.
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The solar installations on the side of Lincoln Financial Field and over its parking lot are part of the largest-in-the-NFL solar installation.


Bruce Bennett/Staff/Getty Images

The rest

Levi’s Stadium (San Francisco 49ers) lands outside the top four with a 375 kw installation of 1,180 panels that, along with other sustainability features, made it . M&T Bank Stadium (Baltimore Ravens) installed . The installation’s capacity wasn’t publicly available, but the panels were two years newer than those in San Francisco, so it may generate a bit more electricity than Levi’s Stadium.

MetLife Stadium (New York Jets and New York Giants) have 1,350 panels with a capacity of 350 kw installed around the rim of the stadium. NRG Stadium (Houston Texans) has 599 panels with a capacity of 180 kw installed on walkways leading into the stadium, according to a spokesperson. 

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Solar panels top a pedestrian bridge at Levi’s Stadium, home of the San Francisco 49ers, in Santa Clara, California.


MediaNews Group/Bay Area News via Getty Images/Contributor

GEHA Field at Arrowhead Stadium (Kansas City Chiefs) had 75 kilowatts of solar panels installed in 2014 at the stadium and surrounding complexes, according to a press release from the team. The release said the panels generated enough power to cook 1.5 million brats a year, though it is unclear whether advances in brat cooking technology in the intervening years has affected that number.

Surprisingly, it can be a bit tricky to track down details about stadium solar panel installations, something you think teams would be trumpeting from the roofs of their solar-covered walkways. (It can be tricky to find a live voice at the end of an offseason switchboard, too.)

Bank of America Stadium (), FirstEnergy Stadium (), Ford Field (), and Heinz Field () all have had solar panels installed, but didn’t have the information publicly available or return requests for details.

The Indianapolis Colts also have some solar installed at their practice facility and headquarters, but they’re miles from their home, Lucas Oil Stadium.

Fourteen stadiums don’t have any solar, including the home of this year’s Super Bowl, SoFi Stadium in sunny Los Angeles. After word gets around about this year’s prestigious new Solar Bowl, it’s almost certain the remaining stadiums will be scrambling to challenge this year’s champs.


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